C++ Course

C++ Course Outline (For M-Tech IT Institute)

This comprehensive course aims to teach students the fundamentals and advanced concepts of C++ programming. It covers everything from basic syntax and object-oriented principles to complex topics like data structures, algorithms, memory management, and multi-threading. The course is designed to provide students with a strong foundation to write efficient and scalable software solutions using C++.

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Module 1: Introduction to C++ (Basic Level)

1. Overview of C++ Programming Language

– History of C++ and its Evolution

– Features of C++ (Object-Oriented Programming, Multi-Paradigm, etc.)

– Applications of C++ (Systems Programming, Game Development, etc.)

– Setting Up the Development Environment (Installing Compilers, IDEs like Visual Studio, Code::Blocks)

2. Basic Syntax and Structure

– Writing the First C++ Program (Hello World)

– Structure of a C++ Program (main(), header files, etc.)

– Comments in C++

– Input and Output (cin, cout, formatted output)

– Basic Data Types (int, char, float, double)

– Variables, Constants, and Enumerations

– Operators (Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Bitwise, Assignment, etc.)

3. Control Structures

– Conditional Statements (if, else if, switch)

– Loops (for, while, do-while)

– Break and Continue Statements

– Nested Loops and Conditional Statements

4. Functions

– Defining and Calling Functions

– Function Overloading

– Default Arguments and Inline Functions

– Return Types and Parameter Passing (By Value, By Reference)

– Recursion and Recursive Functions

 

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Module 2: Intermediate C++ Concepts

1. Arrays and Strings

– One-Dimensional Arrays

– Multi-Dimensional Arrays

– String Handling in C++ (String class vs. C-strings)

– Operations on Strings (concatenation, comparison, searching)

2. Pointers

– Introduction to Pointers and Memory Addressing

– Pointer Arithmetic

– Pointers and Arrays

– Dynamic Memory Allocation (new, delete)

– Pointers to Functions

– Pointers to Structures and Classes

3. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Basics

– Introduction to OOP Principles

– Classes and Objects

– Constructors and Destructors

– Member Functions and Access Specifiers (public, private, protected)

– Data Encapsulation and Access Modifiers

– Static Members (Variables and Functions)

4. Advanced Object-Oriented Concepts

– Inheritance: Single and Multiple Inheritance

– Function Overriding and Polymorphism

– Virtual Functions and Dynamic Binding

– Operator Overloading

– Friend Functions

– Abstract Classes and Interfaces (Pure Virtual Functions)

5. Exception Handling

– Introduction to Exceptions in C++

– try, catch, and throw

– Handling Multiple Exceptions

– Custom Exception Classes

– Exception Propagation and Stack Unwinding

 

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Module 3: Advanced C++ Concepts

1. Templates

– Introduction to Templates (Function Templates and Class Templates)

– Template Specialization

– Template Metaprogramming

– Variadic Templates

2. STL (Standard Template Library)

– Introduction to STL Components

– Using STL Containers (vector, list, map, set, stack, queue)

– Iterators in STL

– Algorithms in STL (sort, reverse, find, etc.)

– Associative Containers and their Applications

– Allocators in STL

3. File Handling in C++

– Working with Files (Input/Output)

– File Operations (open, close, read, write, seekg, seekp)

– Binary File Handling

– Exception Handling for File I/O

4. Memory Management

– Memory Model in C++ (Stack vs Heap Memory)

– Pointers, References, and Smart Pointers

– Memory Leaks and Memory Management Best Practices

– RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization) and Scoped Resource Management

– Manual Memory Management and Garbage Collection in C++

5. Advanced Data Structures

– Linked Lists (Singly Linked, Doubly Linked, Circular Linked List)

– Stacks and Queues (Implementing with Arrays and Linked Lists)

– Trees (Binary Trees, Binary Search Trees)

– Graphs (Adjacency Matrix, Adjacency List, Graph Traversal Techniques)

– Hash Tables and Hash Maps

 

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Module 4: Algorithms and Problem Solving

1. Sorting and Searching Algorithms

– Introduction to Sorting Algorithms (Bubble Sort, Insertion Sort, Selection Sort)

– Efficient Sorting Algorithms (Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort)

– Searching Algorithms (Linear Search, Binary Search)

– Comparing Sorting and Searching Algorithms (Time and Space Complexity)

2. Dynamic Programming

– Introduction to Dynamic Programming

– Solving Problems with Dynamic Programming (Fibonacci Sequence, Knapsack Problem, Longest Common Subsequence)

– Memoization vs Tabulation

– Optimizing Recursive Algorithms with DP

3. Greedy Algorithms

– Understanding Greedy Approach

– Solving Problems using Greedy Methods (Activity Selection, Huffman Coding)

– Time and Space Complexity of Greedy Algorithms

4. Graph Algorithms

– Graph Representation (Adjacency Matrix, Adjacency List)

– Graph Traversal Algorithms (Breadth-First Search, Depth-First Search)

– Shortest Path Algorithms (Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford)

– Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithms (Prim’s, Kruskal’s)

5. Backtracking Algorithms

– Introduction to Backtracking

– Solving Problems with Backtracking (N-Queens Problem, Sudoku Solver)

– Time Complexity of Backtracking Solutions

 

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Module 5: Multithreading and Advanced Topics

1. Multithreading and Concurrency

– Introduction to Multithreading in C++

– Thread Creation and Management

– Mutex, Locks, and Critical Sections

– Thread Synchronization and Deadlock Prevention

– Managing Multiple Threads in C++

2. C++11 and Beyond

– Introduction to C++11, C++14, and C++17 Features

– Auto Keyword and Type Inference

– Lambda Expressions and Anonymous Functions

– Range-Based for Loop

– Smart Pointers (unique_ptr, shared_ptr, weak_ptr)

– Move Semantics and Rvalue References

3. Networking in C++

– Introduction to Socket Programming in C++

– Creating a Simple Client-Server Application

– Network Protocols (TCP/IP, UDP)

– Using Socket Libraries in C++ (Boost.Asio)

4. Design Patterns

– Introduction to Design Patterns in C++

– Common Design Patterns (Singleton, Factory, Observer, Strategy, Iterator, Command)

– Implementing Design Patterns in C++

5. C++ for Large-Scale Systems

– Working with Large Codebases

– Code Modularity and Libraries

– Software Development Best Practices

– Optimizing Performance in Large Applications

 

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Module 6: C++ Project and Case Studies

1. Real-World Project Development

– Developing a Complete Project from Scratch (e.g., Banking System, E-commerce System, Game)

– Applying OOP Principles, Data Structures, and Algorithms

– Handling File I/O, Networking, and Multithreading in the Project

2. Code Optimization and Profiling

– Using Profiling Tools to Analyze Code Performance

– Identifying and Optimizing Performance Bottlenecks

– Memory Leak Detection and Resolution

3. Testing and Debugging in C++

– Unit Testing with Google Test Framework

– Debugging Techniques (gdb, Visual Studio Debugger)

– Writing Test Cases for Different Modules of the Application

 

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Practical Assignments and Case Studies

– Solving programming problems using algorithms and data structures (sorting, searching, dynamic programming).

– Developing real-world applications such as a banking system, student management system, or a game using advanced C++ concepts.

– Working on projects that involve networking, file handling, multithreading, and performance optimization.

 

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Course Outcome:

By the end of the course, students will:

– Have a strong foundation in C++ programming and be proficient in using object-oriented programming principles.

– Be able to implement complex data structures and algorithms to solve real-world problems.

– Understand multithreading, memory management, and advanced C++ concepts.

– Be able to design and implement large-scale software applications using C++.

– Be proficient in debugging, optimizing, and testing C++ applications